Chapter 163 · Omnibus Instrument Product Analytics
Subchapter 163.41
references/posthog-python.mdMarkdown31 KBView on GitHub
This is the SDK reference for the PostHog Python SDK. You can learn more about example usage in the Python SDK documentation (opens in a new tab). You can also follow Flask (opens in a new tab) and Django (opens in a new tab) guides to integrate PostHog into your project.
Release Tag: public
Initialize a new PostHog client instance.
project_api_key? (str) - The project API key.host (any) - The host to use for the client.debug (bool) - Whether to enable debug mode.max_queue_size (int)send (bool)on_error (any)flush_at (int)flush_interval (float)gzip (bool)max_retries (int)sync_mode (bool)timeout (int)thread (int)poll_interval (int)personal_api_key (any)disabled (bool)disable_geoip (bool)historical_migration (bool)feature_flags_request_timeout_seconds (int)super_properties (any)enable_exception_autocapture (bool)log_captured_exceptions (bool)project_root (any)privacy_mode (bool)before_send (any)flag_fallback_cache_url (any)enable_local_evaluation (bool)capture_exception_code_variables (bool)code_variables_mask_patterns (any)code_variables_ignore_patterns (any)Nonefrom posthog import Posthog
posthog = Posthog('<ph_project_api_key>', host='<ph_app_host>')Release Tag: public
Create an alias between two distinct IDs.
previous_id? (str) - The previous distinct ID.distinct_id? (str) - The new distinct ID to alias to.timestamp (any) - The timestamp of the event.uuid (any) - A unique identifier for the event.disable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP for this event.Noneposthog.alias(previous_id='distinct_id', distinct_id='alias_id')Release Tag: public
Identify a group and set its properties.
group_type? (str) - The type of group (e.g., ‘company’, ‘team’).group_key? (str) - The unique identifier for the group.properties? (dict[str, Any]) - A dictionary of properties to set on the group.timestamp (datetime) - The timestamp of the event.uuid? (str) - A unique identifier for the event.disable_geoip? (bool) - Whether to disable GeoIP for this event.distinct_id (Number) - The distinct ID of the user performing the action.Optional[str]posthog.group_identify('company', 'company_id_in_your_db', {
'name': 'Awesome Inc.',
'employees': 11
})Release Tag: public
Set properties on a person profile.
kwargs? (Unpack[OptionalSetArgs])Optional[str]# Set with distinct id
posthog.set(distinct_id='user123', properties={'name': 'Max Hedgehog'})Release Tag: public
Set properties on a person profile only if they haven’t been set before.
kwargs? (Unpack[OptionalSetArgs])Optional[str]posthog.set_once(distinct_id='user123', properties={'initial_signup_date': '2024-01-01'})Release Tag: public
Captures an event manually. Learn about capture best practices (opens in a new tab)
event? (str) - The event name to capture.kwargs? (Unpack[OptionalCaptureArgs])Optional[str]# Anonymous event
posthog.capture('some-anon-event')# Context usage
from posthog import identify_context, new_context
with new_context():
identify_context('distinct_id_of_the_user')
posthog.capture('user_signed_up')
posthog.capture('user_logged_in')
posthog.capture('some-custom-action', distinct_id='distinct_id_of_the_user')# Set event properties
posthog.capture(
"user_signed_up",
distinct_id="distinct_id_of_the_user",
properties={
"login_type": "email",
"is_free_trial": "true"
}
)# Page view event
posthog.capture('$pageview', distinct_id="distinct_id_of_the_user", properties={'$current_url': 'https://example.com'})Release Tag: public
Capture an exception for error tracking.
exception? (BaseException) - The exception to capture.kwargs? (Unpack[OptionalCaptureArgs])Nonetry:
# Some code that might fail
pass
except Exception as e:
posthog.capture_exception(e, 'user_distinct_id', properties=additional_properties)Release Tag: public
Check if a feature flag is enabled for a user.
key? (any) - The feature flag key.distinct_id? (any) - The distinct ID of the user.groups (any) - A dictionary of group information.person_properties (any) - A dictionary of person properties.group_properties (any) - A dictionary of group properties.only_evaluate_locally (bool) - Whether to only evaluate locally.send_feature_flag_events (bool) - Whether to send feature flag events.disable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP for this request.Noneis_my_flag_enabled = posthog.feature_enabled('flag-key', 'distinct_id_of_your_user')
if is_my_flag_enabled:
# Do something differently for this user
# Optional: fetch the payload
matched_flag_payload = posthog.get_feature_flag_payload('flag-key', 'distinct_id_of_your_user')Release Tag: public
Get all feature flags for a user.
distinct_id? (any) - The distinct ID of the user.groups (any) - A dictionary of group information.person_properties (any) - A dictionary of person properties.group_properties (any) - A dictionary of group properties.only_evaluate_locally (bool) - Whether to only evaluate locally.disable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP for this request.flag_keys_to_evaluate? (list[str]) - A list of specific flag keys to evaluate. If provided, only these flags will be evaluated, improving performance.Optional[dict[str, Union[bool, str]]]posthog.get_all_flags('distinct_id_of_your_user')Release Tag: public
Get all feature flags and their payloads for a user.
distinct_id? (any) - The distinct ID of the user.groups (any) - A dictionary of group information.person_properties (any) - A dictionary of person properties.group_properties (any) - A dictionary of group properties.only_evaluate_locally (bool) - Whether to only evaluate locally.disable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP for this request.flag_keys_to_evaluate? (list[str]) - A list of specific flag keys to evaluate. If provided, only these flags will be evaluated, improving performance.FlagsAndPayloadsposthog.get_all_flags_and_payloads('distinct_id_of_your_user')Release Tag: public
Get multivariate feature flag value for a user.
key? (any) - The feature flag key.distinct_id? (any) - The distinct ID of the user.groups (any) - A dictionary of group information.person_properties (any) - A dictionary of person properties.group_properties (any) - A dictionary of group properties.only_evaluate_locally (bool) - Whether to only evaluate locally.send_feature_flag_events (bool) - Whether to send feature flag events.disable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP for this request.Union[bool, str, any]enabled_variant = posthog.get_feature_flag('flag-key', 'distinct_id_of_your_user')
if enabled_variant == 'variant-key': # replace 'variant-key' with the key of your variant
# Do something differently for this user
# Optional: fetch the payload
matched_flag_payload = posthog.get_feature_flag_payload('flag-key', 'distinct_id_of_your_user')Release Tag: public
Get the payload for a feature flag.
key? (any) - The feature flag key.distinct_id? (any) - The distinct ID of the user.match_value (bool) - The specific flag value to get payload for.groups (any) - A dictionary of group information.person_properties (any) - A dictionary of person properties.group_properties (any) - A dictionary of group properties.only_evaluate_locally (bool) - Whether to only evaluate locally.send_feature_flag_events (bool) - Whether to send feature flag events.disable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP for this request.Noneis_my_flag_enabled = posthog.feature_enabled('flag-key', 'distinct_id_of_your_user')
if is_my_flag_enabled:
# Do something differently for this user
# Optional: fetch the payload
matched_flag_payload = posthog.get_feature_flag_payload('flag-key', 'distinct_id_of_your_user')Release Tag: public
Get feature flags and payloads for a user by calling decide.
distinct_id? (any) - The distinct ID of the user.groups (any) - A dictionary of group information.person_properties (any) - A dictionary of person properties.group_properties (any) - A dictionary of group properties.disable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP for this request.flag_keys_to_evaluate? (list[str]) - A list of specific flag keys to evaluate. If provided, only these flags will be evaluated, improving performance.FlagsAndPayloadsresult = posthog.get_feature_flags_and_payloads('<distinct_id>')Release Tag: public
Get feature flag payloads for a user by calling decide.
distinct_id? (any) - The distinct ID of the user.groups (any) - A dictionary of group information.person_properties (any) - A dictionary of person properties.group_properties (any) - A dictionary of group properties.disable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP for this request.flag_keys_to_evaluate? (list[str]) - A list of specific flag keys to evaluate. If provided, only these flags will be evaluated, improving performance.dict[str, str]payloads = posthog.get_feature_payloads('<distinct_id>')Release Tag: public
Get feature flag variants for a user by calling decide.
distinct_id? (any) - The distinct ID of the user.groups (any) - A dictionary of group information.person_properties (any) - A dictionary of person properties.group_properties (any) - A dictionary of group properties.disable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP for this request.flag_keys_to_evaluate? (list[str]) - A list of specific flag keys to evaluate. If provided, only these flags will be evaluated, improving performance.dict[str, Union[bool, str]]Release Tag: public
Get feature flags decision.
distinct_id (Number) - The distinct ID of the user.groups? (dict) - A dictionary of group information.person_properties (any) - A dictionary of person properties.group_properties (any) - A dictionary of group properties.disable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP for this request.flag_keys_to_evaluate? (list[str]) - A list of specific flag keys to evaluate. If provided, only these flags will be evaluated, improving performance.FlagsResponsedecision = posthog.get_flags_decision('user123')Release Tag: public
Load feature flags for local evaluation.
Noneposthog.load_feature_flags()Release Tag: public
Force a flush from the internal queue to the server. Do not use directly, call shutdown() instead.
Noneposthog.capture('event_name')
posthog.flush() # Ensures the event is sent immediatelyRelease Tag: public
Get a FeatureFlagResult object which contains the flag result and payload for a key by evaluating locally or remotely depending on whether local evaluation is enabled and the flag can be locally evaluated. This also captures the $feature_flag_called event unless send_feature_flag_events is False.
key? (any) - The feature flag key.distinct_id? (any) - The distinct ID of the user.groups (any) - A dictionary of group information.person_properties (any) - A dictionary of person properties.group_properties (any) - A dictionary of group properties.only_evaluate_locally (bool) - Whether to only evaluate locally.send_feature_flag_events (bool) - Whether to send feature flag events.disable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP for this request.Optional[FeatureFlagResult]flag_result = posthog.get_feature_flag_result('flag-key', 'distinct_id_of_your_user')
if flag_result and flag_result.get_value() == 'variant-key':
# Do something differently for this user
# Optional: fetch the payload
matched_flag_payload = flag_result.payloadRelease Tag: public
End the consumer thread once the queue is empty. Do not use directly, call shutdown() instead.
Noneposthog.join()Release Tag: public
Flush all messages and cleanly shutdown the client. Call this before the process ends in serverless environments to avoid data loss.
Noneposthog.shutdown()Release Tag: public
Create a new context for managing shared state. Learn more about contexts (opens in a new tab).
fresh (bool) - Whether to create a fresh context that doesn’t inherit from parent.capture_exceptions (bool) - Whether to automatically capture exceptions in this context.Nonewith posthog.new_context():
identify_context('<distinct_id>')
posthog.capture('event_name')Global functions available in the PostHog module
Release Tag: public
Associate user behaviour before and after they e.g. register, login, or perform some other identifying action.
Notes:
To marry up whatever a user does before they sign up or log in with what they do after you need to make an alias call. This will allow you to answer questions like “Which marketing channels leads to users churning after a month?” or “What do users do on our website before signing up?”. Particularly useful for associating user behaviour before and after they e.g. register, login, or perform some other identifying action.
previous_id? (any) - The unique ID of the user beforedistinct_id? (any) - The current unique idtimestamp (any) - Optional timestamp for the eventuuid (any) - Optional UUID for the eventdisable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP lookupNone# Alias user
from posthog import alias
alias(previous_id='distinct_id', distinct_id='alias_id')Release Tag: public
Set properties on a group.
group_type? (any) - Type of your groupgroup_key? (any) - Unique identifier of the groupproperties (any) - Properties to set on the grouptimestamp (any) - Optional timestamp for the eventuuid (any) - Optional UUID for the eventdisable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP lookupNone# Group identify
from posthog import group_identify
group_identify('company', 'company_id_in_your_db', {
'name': 'Awesome Inc.',
'employees': 11
})Release Tag: public
Identify the current context with a distinct ID.
distinct_id? (str) - The distinct ID to associate with the current context and its childrenNonefrom posthog import identify_context
identify_context("user_123")Release Tag: public
Set properties on a user record.
Notes:
This will overwrite previous people property values. Generally operates similar to capture, with distinct_id being an optional argument, defaulting to the current context’s distinct ID. If there is no context-level distinct ID, and no override distinct_id is passed, this function will do nothing. Context tags are folded into $set properties, so tagging the current context and then calling set will cause those tags to be set on the user (unlike capture, which causes them to just be set on the event).
kwargs? (Unpack[OptionalSetArgs])Optional[str]# Set person properties
from posthog import capture
capture(
'distinct_id',
event='event_name',
properties={
'$set': {'name': 'Max Hedgehog'},
'$set_once': {'initial_url': '/blog'}
}
)Release Tag: public
Set properties on a user record, only if they do not yet exist.
Notes:
This will not overwrite previous people property values, unlike set. Otherwise, operates in an identical manner to set.
kwargs? (Unpack[OptionalSetArgs])Optional[str]# Set property once
from posthog import capture
capture(
'distinct_id',
event='event_name',
properties={
'$set': {'name': 'Max Hedgehog'},
'$set_once': {'initial_url': '/blog'}
}
)Release Tag: public
Capture anything a user does within your system.
Notes:
Capture allows you to capture anything a user does within your system, which you can later use in PostHog to find patterns in usage, work out which features to improve or where people are giving up. A capture call requires an event name to specify the event. We recommend using [verb] [noun], like movie played or movie updated to easily identify what your events mean later on. Capture takes a number of optional arguments, which are defined by the OptionalCaptureArgs type.
event? (str) - The event name to specify the event **kwargs: Optional arguments including:kwargs? (Unpack[OptionalCaptureArgs])Optional[str]# Context and capture usage
from posthog import new_context, identify_context, tag_context, capture
# Enter a new context (e.g. a request/response cycle, an instance of a background job, etc)
with new_context():
# Associate this context with some user, by distinct_id
identify_context('some user')
# Capture an event, associated with the context-level distinct ID ('some user')
capture('movie started')
# Capture an event associated with some other user (overriding the context-level distinct ID)
capture('movie joined', distinct_id='some-other-user')
# Capture an event with some properties
capture('movie played', properties={'movie_id': '123', 'category': 'romcom'})
# Capture an event with some properties
capture('purchase', properties={'product_id': '123', 'category': 'romcom'})
# Capture an event with some associated group
capture('purchase', groups={'company': 'id:5'})
# Adding a tag to the current context will cause it to appear on all subsequent events
tag_context('some-tag', 'some-value')
capture('another-event') # Will be captured with `'some-tag': 'some-value'` in the properties dict# Set event properties
from posthog import capture
capture(
"user_signed_up",
distinct_id="distinct_id_of_the_user",
properties={
"login_type": "email",
"is_free_trial": "true"
}
)Release Tag: public
Capture exceptions that happen in your code.
Notes:
Capture exception is idempotent - if it is called twice with the same exception instance, only a occurrence will be tracked in posthog. This is because, generally, contexts will cause exceptions to be captured automatically. However, to ensure you track an exception, if you catch and do not re-raise it, capturing it manually is recommended, unless you are certain it will have crossed a context boundary (e.g. by existing a with posthog.new_context(): block already). If the passed exception was raised and caught, the captured stack trace will consist of every frame between where the exception was raised and the point at which it is captured (the “traceback”). If the passed exception was never raised, e.g. if you call posthog.capture_exception(ValueError("Some Error")), the stack trace captured will be the full stack trace at the moment the exception was captured. Note that heavy use of contexts will lead to truncated stack traces, as the exception will be captured by the context entered most recently, which may not be the point you catch the exception for the final time in your code. It’s recommended to use contexts sparingly, for this reason. capture_exception takes the same set of optional arguments as capture.
exception (BaseException) - The exception to capture. If not provided, the current exception is captured via sys.exc_info()kwargs? (Unpack[OptionalCaptureArgs])None# Capture exception
from posthog import capture_exception
try:
risky_operation()
except Exception as e:
capture_exception(e)Release Tag: public
Use feature flags to enable or disable features for users.
Notes:
You can call posthog.load_feature_flags() before to make sure you’re not doing unexpected requests.
key? (any) - The feature flag keydistinct_id? (any) - The user’s distinct IDgroups (any) - Groups mappingperson_properties (any) - Person propertiesgroup_properties (any) - Group propertiesonly_evaluate_locally (bool) - Whether to evaluate only locallysend_feature_flag_events (bool) - Whether to send feature flag eventsdisable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP lookupNone# Boolean feature flag
from posthog import feature_enabled, get_feature_flag_payload
is_my_flag_enabled = feature_enabled('flag-key', 'distinct_id_of_your_user')
if is_my_flag_enabled:
matched_flag_payload = get_feature_flag_payload('flag-key', 'distinct_id_of_your_user')Release Tag: public
Returns loaded feature flags.
Notes:
Returns loaded feature flags, if any. Helpful for debugging what flag information you have loaded.
Nonefrom posthog import feature_flag_definitions
definitions = feature_flag_definitions()Release Tag: public
Get all flags for a given user.
Notes:
Flags are key-value pairs where the key is the flag key and the value is the flag variant, or True, or False.
distinct_id? (any) - The user’s distinct IDgroups (any) - Groups mappingperson_properties (any) - Person propertiesgroup_properties (any) - Group propertiesonly_evaluate_locally (bool) - Whether to evaluate only locallydisable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP lookupOptional[dict[str, FeatureFlag]]# All flags for user
from posthog import get_all_flags
get_all_flags('distinct_id_of_your_user')Release Tag: public
Get feature flag variant for users. Used with experiments.
Notes:
groups are a mapping from group type to group key. So, if you have a group type of “organization” and a group key of “5”, you would pass groups={“organization”: “5”}. group_properties take the format: { group_type_name: { group_properties } }. So, for example, if you have the group type “organization” and the group key “5”, with the properties name, and employee count, you’ll send these as: group_properties={“organization”: {“name”: “PostHog”, “employees”: 11}}.
key? (any) - The feature flag keydistinct_id? (any) - The user’s distinct IDgroups (any) - Groups mapping from group type to group keyperson_properties (any) - Person propertiesgroup_properties (any) - Group properties in format { group_type_name: { group_properties } }only_evaluate_locally (bool) - Whether to evaluate only locallysend_feature_flag_events (bool) - Whether to send feature flag eventsdisable_geoip (any) - Whether to disable GeoIP lookupOptional[FeatureFlag]# Multivariate feature flag
from posthog import get_feature_flag, get_feature_flag_payload
enabled_variant = get_feature_flag('flag-key', 'distinct_id_of_your_user')
if enabled_variant == 'variant-key':
matched_flag_payload = get_feature_flag_payload('flag-key', 'distinct_id_of_your_user')Release Tag: public
Load feature flag definitions from PostHog.
Nonefrom posthog import load_feature_flags
load_feature_flags()Release Tag: public
Tell the client to flush all queued events.
Nonefrom posthog import flush
flush()Release Tag: public
Block program until the client clears the queue. Used during program shutdown. You should use shutdown() directly in most cases.
Nonefrom posthog import join
join()Release Tag: public
Flush all messages and cleanly shutdown the client.
Nonefrom posthog import shutdown
shutdown()Release Tag: public
Get a FeatureFlagResult object which contains the flag result and payload. This method evaluates a feature flag and returns a FeatureFlagResult object containing: - enabled: Whether the flag is enabled - variant: The variant value if the flag has variants - payload: The payload associated with the flag (automatically deserialized from JSON) - key: The flag key - reason: Why the flag was enabled/disabled Example: python result = posthog.get_feature_flag_result('beta-feature', 'distinct_id') if result and result.enabled: # Use the variant and payload print(f"Variant: {result.variant}") print(f"Payload: {result.payload}")
key? (any)distinct_id? (any)groups (any)person_properties (any)group_properties (any)only_evaluate_locally (bool)send_feature_flag_events (bool)disable_geoip (any)NoneRelease Tag: public
Get the payload for a remote config feature flag.
key? (any) - The key of the feature flagNoneRelease Tag: public
Set whether code variables are captured for the current context.
enabled? (bool)NoneRelease Tag: public
Variable names matching these patterns will be ignored completely when capturing code variables.
ignore_patterns? (list)NoneRelease Tag: public
Variable names matching these patterns will be masked with *** when capturing code variables.
mask_patterns? (list)NoneRelease Tag: public
Create a new context scope that will be active for the duration of the with block.
fresh (bool) - Whether to start with a fresh context (default: False)capture_exceptions (bool) - Whether to capture exceptions raised within the context (default: True)client (any) - Optional Posthog client instance to use for this context (default: None)Nonefrom posthog import new_context, tag, capture
with new_context():
tag("request_id", "123")
capture("event_name", properties={"property": "value"})Release Tag: public
Decorator that creates a new context for the function.
fresh (bool) - Whether to start with a fresh context (default: False)capture_exceptions (bool) - Whether to capture and track exceptions with posthog error tracking (default: True)Nonefrom posthog import scoped, tag, capture
@scoped()
def process_payment(payment_id):
tag("payment_id", payment_id)
capture("payment_started")Release Tag: public
Set the session ID for the current context.
session_id? (str) - The session ID to associate with the current context and its childrenNonefrom posthog import set_context_session
set_context_session("session_123")Release Tag: public
Add a tag to the current context.
name? (str) - The tag keyvalue? (Any) - The tag valueNonefrom posthog import tag
tag("user_id", "123")This file